Holder for cutting-off tools



x) L e d 0 M 0 N 0,3. BILLINGS. HOLDER FOR CUTTING OFF TOOLS.

- Patented Feb. 5, 1884.

ZU/zhemesr Unrrso STATES PATENT, @rrrcir,

ljll.l.alltlilliiE, llll'JLll lG-S, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

HOLDERFOR CUTTING-OFF TOOLS sritorrzcn'rrow forming Application filed June 30, 1883 (no model.)

1'0 all'wiziom it may concern:

Be it known that I, 0.!IARLES E. 1hr macs,

of thecity and county of Hartford, and State .ot'Connccticut, have invented certain new and useful ln'iproveinei'lts in Cutting-Oil Tools, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, whereby a person skilled in the art can make and use the same. reference being had to-the accoi'npauying drawings.

My invention relates to that class of cuttingoff tools which are used in metal-working lathes for the purpose of cutting oft bars by turning therein a deep .and narrow groove. The old way of making a tool of this class was to forge it from a single piece of bar-steel, making one end of the same thin for cutting, and the rest larger for rigidity and for insertion in the tool-post of the lathe. Thus the holder and the cutter were both in one piece. The frequent dressing down of the tool rendered necessary by this construction was inconvenient and expensive. Afterward tools ofthis class were made of two separate or separable parts-via, a holder for insertion in the toolpost of the lathe, and cutting-plate "for insertion in the holder. Cutting-off tools coir structed on this plan have required a delicate adj ustnient of the cutting-plate to thaholdcr in respect of the size and shape of both, or have been inconvenient in form by reason of projecting screws, ears, the.

The objectof my invention is to allow in one and the same holder the use of a cuttin g plate of any desirable width and thickness; also, to make the holder of convenient form for insertion in the tool-post of thelathe; and, lastly, to cause the holder, before the insertion of the tool in the tool-post, to grasp the out ter with such a degree of firmness as will prevent the displaceniient of the cutter in the holder while the tool is being inserted and adj usted by hand in the tool-post of the lathe, and

then, after such insertion and ai'ljustnient, to

utilize the force of the set-screw of the tool-post not only for the purpose of retaining the holder in the tool-post, but also for the purpose of retaining the cutter in the holder with all the necessary additional firmness. I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the drawings aforesaid, in which like letters of reference denote the same parts.

Figure 1 is a side view of my improved cutting-off tool; and Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the same through the middle of the screw D, hereinafter mentioned.

A is a .strip of metal of the general form shown in the drawings, having one vertical plane side, two horizontal plane sides, and a fourth side of irregular form, as hereinafter indicated. The ends of Army be out off square.

B likewise is a strip of metal of the general form shown in the drawings, having one vertical plane side,.two horizontal plane sides, and a fourth side of irregular form, as herein after indicated. A and 13, when placed in juxtaposition or contact with "each other, in

the manner indicated in the drawings, with their vertical sides in the same plane and their horizontal sides consequently in parallel planes, constitute the holder A 13 for the cutter 0. The holder A B is made of proper size for insertion in the tool-post of the lathe, and is channeled out on one side, so as totform a broad but shallow recess of the general fOllll shown in Fig. 2. This recess or channel. is as long as the holder A13, though not quite as wide as A B, and is adapted to receive the cutter G, which can slide lengthwise therein. This channel being partly in A and partly in B, is beveled internally at each side of said channel, to receive and retainthe cutter 0; hence the irregular form of the fourth sides of A and 13 above mentioned.

The segments A and B of the holder A B are held in their proper relative positions of j untapos'ition or of contact above described, as the case may be,by the screws DandE, which are threaded only at and near the entering end, are countersunk in A, and are provided with a shoulder, so that A an d B may be drawn together by turning up the screws, or may be loosened and suffered to separate a little from each other by unscrewing D and E. The screws or pins 1.) and E are too short to reach entirely through both A and B when placed in position, and can not protrude or extend below the lower surface of the segment 13, but their entering ends are always within the body of B. The segments A and B are provided with proper screw-holes for D and E, which screw-holes are threaded internally in B, and are p rovhlcd internally with a shoulder in A, adaptedto meet and oooperate with the before-mentioned shoulders in D and E, as shown in the drawings. The lower segment, B, extends a little farther forward longitudinally than the upper segment, A, so as to give a firm support for the lower edge of the cutter O. The segments A and B and the screws D and E constitute the complete holder. Instead of the screws D and E with shoulders and thread, as described, I have used plain pins movable in A and immovable in B; but I prefer the first construction. I

I O is the cuttingeplate or cutter proper, and is formed of a strip of steel beveledat its upper and lower edges, as shown in the drawings at Fig. 2, and is dovetailed into the said channel in the holder A B. In guiding the cutter the bevel will be removed from the upper edge of 0 near the cuttingpoint or acute angle of O, as shown in Fig. 1.

Such being the construction of my machine, the mode of its operation is as follows: The screws D and E being somewhat loosened in A by partial unscrewing, the blade or cutter O is inserted in its holder A B in the position indicated in the drawings. 'The screws are then turned in until the cutter O is firmly clasped or clamped between A and B in the same position. The machine is then inserted in the tool-post of the lathe. The set-screw'of the latter is then turned down upon A and binds A and B to each other and to the cutsertion of the tool; also, the cutter may be re; versed and placed in the holder end for end, whereby the instrument is adapted to be used in a planer. vides aconvenient holder, A B, for the cutter O to hold the latter while being ground, for which purpose itis only necessary to tighten the screws D and E, as above described; also, the free motion of the stock-segment A upon the screws D and E when loosened, as above described, obviates all need of accuracy in the dovetailing above described, and allows cut ters of slightly different sizes to be used in succession in one and the same holder A B.

\Vhat I claim as my invention is 1 The combination of the cutter plate or blade 0 with the stock or holder, consisting of two segments, A and B, connected togetherby the screws or pins D and E, substantially as shown, and for the purpose specified, and operating substantially as set forth.

2. The improved tool-holder consisting of the two separable segments A and B, provided with the two screws or pins D and E, for holding said segments in their proper relative positions of contact or juxtaposition, as the case may be, said screws having their heads countersunk in A and their points within thebody of B, in combination with the blade or cutterplate 0, all constituting a combined cuttingoff tool and holder thereof having a uniform cross-section and a convenient external form for insertion in and withdrawal from the toolpost of a lathe.

CHARLES E. BILLINGS.

Witnesses:

RICHARD RHODES, A, H. SrooKnn.

The above construction also pro It is hereby certified that. in Letters Patent No. 292,784, granted February 5, 1884, upon the application of Charles E. Billings, of Hartford, Connecticut, for an improvement in Holders for Cutting-Oil Tools, on error appears in the printed specification requiring the following correction: In line 16, page 2, the word guiding should read grinding and that the patent should be rezul with this correction therein to make it conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oliice.

Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 12th day of February, A. D. 1884.

[SEAL] M. L. JOSLYN,

Acting Secretary ofthe Interior.

Countersigned:

BENJ. BUTTERWORTH,

Commissioiwr of Patents. 

